For Texts search, type in any keywords that come to mind, and the database will return results ranked by relevancy.You can also use some special keystrokes to refine your search. They include:
Boolean operators are the words “AND“, “OR” and “NOT“. When used in library databases (typed between your keywords) they can make each search more precise – and save you time!
AND narrows a search by telling the database that
ALL keywords used must be found in an article in order for it to appear in your results list. Search for two or more concepts that interest you by combining descriptive keywords with AND.
For instance, if you’re interested in reading articles about how young people feel about politics
, you can search for
youth AND politics. All articles in your results will include
both keywords. Often, databases will allow you to specify
where in the article you want those keywords to appear (title, abstract, full text, etc.).
OR broadens a search by telling the database that
any of the words it connects are acceptable. This is particularly helpful when you are searching for
synonyms, such as “death penalty” OR “capital punishment.”
So, if you type in
death penalty OR capital punishment, your results will include articles with either term, but
not necessarily both.
NOT narrows your search by telling the database to
eliminate all terms that follow it from your search results. This can be useful when:
- you are interested in a very specific aspect of a topic (letting you weed out the issues that you’re not planning to write about)
- when you want to exclude a certain type of article (book reviews, for instance, aren’t typically helpful when writing a college-level paper)
Use NOT with caution as good items can be eliminated from the results retrieved.
In the example below, searching for
sex education NOT abstinence-only will return articles on sex ed, but not those dealing with abstinence-only approaches.